The IB Environmental Systems and Societies (ESS) Extended Essay is an opportunity for students to explore a topic of their choice within the field of environmental science. The extended essay is a challenging and rewarding task, requiring in-depth research and critical thinking skills. However, choosing an ESS extended essay topic can be daunting.
Are you ready to embark on an exciting and rewarding exploration journey in environmental science? The IB ESS Extended Essay is your chance to delve into a topic of your choice and showcase your research and critical thinking skills.
Choosing an environmental system and society topic for your extended essay can be daunting, but fear not! We have compiled a list of interesting and engaging ideas to inspire you in your quest for the perfect ESS extended essay topic.
From the impact of urban agriculture on the environment to the ethics of conservation, these topics are sure to spark your interest and ignite your passion for environmental science.
With the world facing complex environmental challenges, there has never been a more important time to explore the science of sustainability. By selecting an ESS extended essay topic that aligns with your interests and the key concepts covered in the ESS course, you can contribute to our understanding of these challenges and showcase your skills as a researcher and academic writer.
So, grab your notepad and get ready to embark on a journey of discovery. The ESS extended essay is your chance to make a difference and contribute to a better future for our planet.
How to Invent a Good IB ESS topic?
Inventing a good ESS EE topic requires careful consideration of the key concepts and topics covered in the ESS course. Here are some tips to help you invent a good ESS EE topic:
1. Identify your interests
Choose a topic that you are interested in and passionate about. This will make the research process more enjoyable and motivating.
2. Choose a specific research question
Narrow down your topic to a specific research question that can be answered through research and data analysis. A good research question should be clear, specific, and answerable.
3. Consider the key concepts and topics covered in the ESS course
Ensure that your research question is relevant to the key concepts and topics covered in the ESS course. These include, but are not limited to, sustainability, ecosystems, biodiversity, pollution, climate change, and resource use.
4. Conduct preliminary research
Before finalizing your research question, conduct some preliminary research to ensure that there is enough information available to answer your question. This will also help you to refine your research question and identify potential data sources.
5. Consider the feasibility of data collection
Ensure that the data required to answer your research question is feasible to collect. This includes considering data availability, the time needed to collect data, and any ethical considerations related to data collection.
6. Consult with your ESS supervisor
Your ESS teacher can provide valuable guidance and feedback on your research question and extended essay topic. They can also help you identify potential data sources and provide guidance on data analysis.
Overall, inventing a good ESS extended essay topic requires careful consideration of your interests, the key concepts and topics covered in the ESS course, and the feasibility of data collection.
With a clear research question and a well-planned research methodology, you can produce an IB EE demonstrating your understanding of environmental science and your ability to conduct research and data analysis.
List of IB ESS EE Topic Ideas
Here are some creative ideas to inspire your ESS extended essay topic:
Urban Agriculture: The Impact of Community Gardens on Urban Environments
This topic explores the role of community gardens in urban environments. Students can investigate urban agriculture’s environmental, social, and economic benefits and the potential for these practices to mitigate urban environmental problems.
The Effect of Climate Change on Ocean Acidification

This topic delves into the impact of climate change on ocean acidification, a process whereby carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, reducing the pH level of the water. Students can investigate the effect of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems and the potential for mitigation strategies to address this issue.
The Environmental Impact of Industrial Agriculture
This topic explores the environmental impact of industrial agriculture, including the use of pesticides, fertilizers, and other chemicals. Students can investigate the ecological, economic, and social consequences of industrial agriculture and the potential for alternative food systems.
The Ethics of Conservation: Balancing Human Needs with Environmental Protection
This topic delves into conservation ethics, exploring the tension between human needs and environmental protection. Students can investigate the role of conservation in society, and the potential for ethical frameworks to guide conservation efforts.
The Impact of Air Pollution on Public Health
This topic explores the impact of air pollution on public health, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Students can investigate the sources of air pollution, the distribution of pollution across urban areas, and the potential for policy solutions to mitigate the health impacts of air pollution.
The Intersection of Environmental Justice and Climate Change
This topic explores the intersection of environmental justice and climate change, examining the disproportionate impact of climate change on marginalized communities. Students can investigate the political, social, and economic factors contributing to environmental injustice and the potential for policy solutions to address these issues.
The Role of Renewable Energy in Sustainable Development
This topic delves into the role of renewable energy in sustainable development, exploring the potential for renewable energy sources to mitigate climate change and promote social and economic development. Students can investigate the technological, economic, and political barriers to the widespread adoption of renewable energy, and the potential for policy solutions to promote a transition to a renewable energy future.
The Impacts of Plastic Pollution on Marine Ecosystems
This topic explores the impact of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems, including the physical, chemical, and biological consequences. Students can investigate the sources of plastic pollution, the distribution of plastic waste across the ocean, and the potential for policy solutions to address this issue.
The Effects of Deforestation on Biodiversity Conservation

This ESS topic delves into the impact of deforestation on biodiversity conservation, exploring the ecological, social, and economic consequences of deforestation. Students can investigate the drivers of deforestation, the impacts on local communities and biodiversity, and the potential for policy solutions to promote forest conservation.
The Implications of Energy Use on Climate Change
This IA topic explores the implications of energy use on climate change, examining the role of fossil fuels in global greenhouse gas emissions. IB students can investigate the potential for renewable energy sources to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and the challenges associated with transitioning to a low-carbon economy.
The Intersection of Water Resources and Climate Change
This topic explores the intersection of water resources and climate change, examining the impact of climate change on water availability, quality, and management. Students can investigate the potential for adaptive water management strategies to address climate change impacts, and the challenges associated with implementing such strategies.
The Role of Environmental Education in Promoting Sustainability
This topic delves into the role of environmental education in promoting sustainability, exploring the potential for education to promote behavior change and sustainable practices. Students can investigate the effectiveness of environmental education programs, the challenges associated with implementing such programs, and the potential for innovative solutions.
The Impacts of Urbanization on Natural Ecosystems
This ESS topic explores the impacts of urbanization on natural ecosystems, examining the ecological, social, and economic consequences of urbanization. Students can investigate the drivers of urbanization, the effects on local ecosystems and biodiversity, and the potential for policy solutions to promote sustainable urban development.
The Intersection of Food Security and Climate Change
This IA ESS topic explores the intersection of food security and climate change, examining the impact of climate change on food production, distribution, and access. Students can investigate the potential for adaptive agricultural strategies to address climate change impacts, and the challenges associated with implementing such strategies.
The Implications of Soil Degradation on Agricultural Production
This topic delves into the implications of soil degradation on agricultural production, exploring the ecological, social, and economic consequences of soil degradation. Students can investigate the drivers of soil degradation, the impacts on local communities and food security, and the potential for soil conservation strategies to address this issue.
The Role of Ecotourism in Promoting Conservation

This ESS topic explores the role of ecotourism in promoting conservation, examining the potential for ecotourism to support local communities, promote conservation, and mitigate negative impacts on natural ecosystems. Students can investigate the effectiveness of ecotourism initiatives, the challenges associated with implementing such initiatives, and the potential for innovative solutions.
The Impacts of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Services
This topic explores the impacts of land use change on ecosystem services, examining the ecological, social, and economic consequences of changes in land use. Students can investigate the drivers of land use change, the impacts on local communities and ecosystem services, and the potential for policy solutions to promote sustainable land use practices.
The Intersection of Air Pollution and Climate Change
This topic explores the intersection of air pollution and climate change, examining the impacts of air pollution on climate change and the impacts of climate change on air quality. Students can investigate the sources of air pollution, the distribution of pollution across urban areas, and the potential for policy solutions to address this issue.
The Role of Green Infrastructure in Urban Resilience

This IA topic delves into the role of green infrastructure in urban resilience, exploring the potential for green infrastructure to mitigate the impacts of climate change, reduce urban heat island effects, and promote biodiversity conservation. Students can investigate the effectiveness of green infrastructure initiatives, the challenges associated with implementing such initiatives, and the potential for innovative solutions.
The Implications of Human Population Growth on the Environment
This topic explores the implications of human population growth on the environment, examining the ecological, social, and economic consequences of population growth. Students can investigate the drivers of population growth, the impacts on natural ecosystems and biodiversity, and the potential for policy solutions to promote sustainable population growth.
The Intersection of Gender and Environmental Issues
This ESS IA topic explores the intersection of gender and environmental issues, examining the differential impacts of environmental degradation on women and men. In addition, students can investigate the potential for gender-sensitive environmental policies and programs to promote environmental sustainability and social justice.
The Impacts of Environmental Migration on Sustainable Development
This topic delves into the impacts of environmental migration on sustainable development, exploring the social, economic, and environmental consequences of forced displacement due to environmental degradation and climate change. Moreover, IB students can investigate the potential for policies and programs to support environmental migrants and promote sustainable development.
The Role of Indigenous Knowledge in Environmental Management
This topic explores the role of indigenous knowledge in environmental management, examining the potential for traditional ecological knowledge to inform environmental policy and management practices. Students can investigate the challenges associated with integrating indigenous knowledge into mainstream environmental management, and the potential for innovative solutions.
The Implications of Waste Management on Environmental Sustainability

This topic explores the implications of waste management on environmental sustainability, examining the social, economic, and environmental consequences of waste generation, disposal, and recycling. Students can investigate the potential for waste reduction and circular economy strategies to promote sustainable waste management.
The Intersection of Sustainable Development and Human Rights
This topic explores the intersection of sustainable development and human rights, examining the potential for environmental sustainability and social justice to be mutually reinforcing. Students can investigate the challenges associated with balancing economic development, environmental protection, and human rights, and the potential for innovative solutions.
The Impacts of Natural Resource Extraction on Local Communities
This topic delves into the impacts of natural resource extraction on local communities, exploring the social, economic, and environmental consequences of extractive industries such as mining, oil and gas, and logging. Students can investigate the potential for policies and programs to promote responsible resource extraction and support affected communities.
The Role of Citizen Science in Environmental Monitoring
This IA topic explores the role of citizen science in environmental monitoring, examining the potential for community-based monitoring initiatives to complement traditional scientific monitoring methods. Students can investigate the effectiveness of citizen science initiatives, the challenges associated with implementing such endeavors, and the potential for innovative solutions.
Select Your Topic and Start Writing an IB ESS EE
As you begin your exploration of environmental science through the IB ESS Extended Essay, remember that this is more than just an academic exercise. It is a chance to make a tangible impact on the world around us.

Need help with your ESS extended essay?
You can also use our extended essay writers team’s services if you need assistance selecting a topic. Furthermore, we can also help you write your extended essay from scratch or edit your draft following the IB criteria.
By selecting an ESS topic that excites you, conducting extensive research, and carefully analyzing your data, you can make a valuable contribution to our understanding of the complex environmental challenges we face.
The ESS extended essay offers a unique opportunity to express your creativity and ingenuity as you tackle some of our time’s most pressing environmental issues. With a bit of imagination and hard work, you can produce an extended essay that not only showcases your academic skills but also has the potential to make a positive difference in the world.
So, let your passion for the environment guide you as you explore the many fascinating topics within the field of environmental science. Whether you choose to examine the impact of urbanization on natural ecosystems or the role of environmental education in promoting sustainability, your ESS extended essay has the potential to inspire change and make a lasting impact on the world.
With the right research question, you will surely guarantee that your EE will pass and will never lead to failing grade.
Remember, the future of our planet is in our hands, and through the ESS extended essay, you have the power to shape it for the better.